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Sam Tomlinson

PPC & Google Ads

Issue #130 | Capital Allocation In Advertising, Part II

Sam Tomlinson <sam@samtomlinson.me>
August 24, 2025

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Happy Sunday, Everyone!

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I hope you’re squeezing the last bit of joy out of summer,

whether that’s family time, travel, or just a cold drink in the

backyard before back-to-school + the September chaos arrives.

If you didn’t read last week’s issue, I highly suggest starting

there. The big takeaway is marketing budgets aren’t expenses;

they’re investments. And the way most marketers treat them

(monthly caps, neat allocations, spreadsheets that look tidy but

kill growth) is the #1 reason why far too many brands fail to

grow. That mindset shift, paired with the 6 rules for capital

allocation, is what forms the foundation of how I (and we at

Warschawski) think about investing marketing budgets.

The second challenge I’ve run into is that rules without a

framework for implementing them are almost always ignored or

forgotten. We need a way to connect the theory of allocation into

the practical, tactical, day-to-day execution.

So, this week, we’re going to focus on where the rubber meets the

road - how it looks when you actually apply the ideas from the

last issue to your ad accounts (math & all is included!)

Before we get to it, this week’s issue is brought to you by

Optmyzr

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vs. last month? What did you change?”

And while most platforms will tell you what changed (impressions

down, CPC up, CVR down, etc.), they rarely tell you why (and no,

the silly AI-powered “explanations” don’t solve this). That

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is simply noise.

The net-net: instead of wasting hours creating and digging

through pivot tables, you can spend a fraction of that time

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With that out of the way (and now that you’re an Optmyzr

customer), let’s get to it!

---------------------------------------------

Part III: Portfolio Construction for Ad Spend

---------------------------------------------

As I shared last week, the single-most-common mistake I see in

marketing strategies (writ large) isn’t a technical mistake or a

setup error; it’s a fundamentally flawed allocation of resources.

At its very core, marketing is a capital allocation challenge:

our job as marketers is to allocate the resources (ad dollars,

time, expertise, assets) we have to the channels/tactics most

likely to maximize risk-adjusted return.

Everything we do must be in service of that overriding objective.

Unfortunately, the fact is that this is almost never how budgets

are allocated.

Instead, the CEO/CFO tells the marketing team they have a budget

of $2,400,000 this year, and the marketing team (CMO, agency,

marketing director, whatever) dutifully begins dividing the

budget across the fiscal year + advertising channels/initiatives.

Over the past few weeks, we’ve already had several 2026 planning

meetings - and they almost always (by default) start like this.

This is the first - and best - piece of advice I can give if you

want to be successful in implementing this approach: when the

conversation starts, push back. Resist the siren song of neatly

allocating your budget across a bunch of channels in order to

placate your client (or your CEO/CMO). Instead, shift the

conversation to the desired results / end state. What is the

outcome that this investment should produce, and over what time

period? What are the other limiting or catalyzing factors

(inventory lead times, new product/feature rollout dates, major

moments, etc.)?

Once you have that information, your job is to develop an initial

allocation that attains or exceeds that performance goal on a

risk-adjusted basis, as quickly and efficiently as possible.

That allocation is almost never equal and it should never be

rigid. Why? Because when you split dollars evenly, you starve

your winners and subsidize your losers. Channels/campaigns that

could scale profitably get capped, all while you shovel more

money into the under-performers because that’s what the

spreadsheet said to do. When it’s all said and done, the blended

CPA might be on-target, but only because the outperformers

covered for the laggards.

From a fundamentals standpoint, this isn’t media planning or

budgeting or risk management; it’s averaging down. It’s lowering

both the floor and the ceiling for your marketing investments,

when you should be hell-bent on doing the exact opposite.

Investors know this. No one in their right mind allocates the

same capital to Apple and to a company on the verge of bankruptcy

just because both are in the S&P 500. Yet marketers do the

advertising equivalent of this every single day.

Sticking to pre-planned, neat-and-tidy budgets feels good. Equal

(or even quasi-equal) allocation feels fair. But when you put

them together, you end up doing more harm than good.

Survivorship Concentration

--------------------------

The alternative to the neat-and-tidy, pre-planned budgets is

survivorship concentration. Even the name sounds Spartan - but

that’s not necessarily a bad thing. To be very blunt, this is

exactly how I treat both my personal investments (aside: nothing

in here is investment advice; do your own research, yadda yadda

yadda) and client ad budgets.

Survivorship Concentration has two principles:

Principle #1: Feed your winners until they hit diminishing

returns.

Principle #2: Starve your losers until they prove they deserve

capital.

This is the equivalent of force-applying evolution to marketing

budgets.

Note: this does not mean reckless bets or reactionary cuts. It

means disciplined sizing and dispassionate assessment. As an

example, for a $300k per month budget, maybe 60-70% should be

allocated to your top-performing campaigns/channels. Another

20–30% goes to steady campaigns that reliably hit CAC. The

remainder can then be deployed on asymmetric bets

(tests/moonshots), or held in reserve should one (or more) of

these channels/campaigns/tactics outperform.

This structure is what allows your marketing investments to

compound.

When I first started investing (many years ago), I had lunch with

a fantastically successful investor (he was easily a

centi-millionaire). Me - being the wide-eyed, eager-to-make-money

kid, was all too eager to learn from him. I still remember the

first question I asked: how do you do it? How do you make your

investment decisions? His response was a gem of wisdom I still

adhere to - religiously - to this day: “I don’t sell winners to

fund losers. I let my winners run and I kill my losers. The

mistake that destroys your portfolio isn’t having losers; it’s

keeping them.”

Advertising works the same way.

When you allow your ad dollars to naturally concentrate in

winning channels/tactics/platforms, the total return on your

investment improves – not because you miraculously got better or

found some new hack, but because you got out of the way.

Similarly, when you cut off losers, your return improves, not

because you figured out that channel/tactic, but because you cut

it off and allowed the capital to flow to what’s already working.

The simplest way to make this actionable is the Core vs.

Satellite approach:

* Core platforms/campaigns are your Apples and Microsofts.

Durable, proven, scalable. Meta, Google non-branded search, maybe

retargeting or YouTube for some brands. Together, these

channels/tactics form the foundation of the portfolio and get the

bulk of the budget.

* Satellite platforms/campaigns are your biotech or

hot-and-trendy AI startups. Speculative, asymmetric, unproven.

New TikTok formats, Quora, podcasts. They get small allocations

sized like options.

The discipline comes in how you manage the satellites: you want

to ensure they have enough of an allocation to actually produce

results (i.e. if your target cost per acquisition for a B2B SaaS

brand is $2,000, you have to be willing to invest at least 5-10x

that over a period of 4-6 weeks in order to make a determination

on viability; if you just drop $500 into the channel each month,

there’s a decent chance the channel could be viable but you don’t

see it because of sizing issues), but not too much such that are

siphoning dollars with superior risk-adjusted returns away from

the Core.

Over time, you’ll see that some satellites will graduate into

core, while most die. That’s expected. The goal is not for every

satellite to succeed; it’s for the few that do succeed to deliver

outsized returns without jeopardizing the stability of the core.

This is where most marketers struggle: the definition of a

successful satellite/core approach is a LOT of failed satellites.

This model gives you both resilience and upside. The core is the

steady-as-she-goes compounding engine – it’s predictable and

reliable (assuming you continue to feed it quality assets,

maintain a solid product, etc.) The satellites create the

possibility of breakout wins. Together, they give you a portfolio

that is antifragile: resilient and predictable (thanks to the

core), but still capable of significant upside and

self-evolution.

The Art & Science of Position Sizing

------------------------------------

In investing, you don’t sprinkle $1,000 into 500 companies. You

size positions based on conviction and expected risk-adjusted

return. That’s precisely the approach we should be taking to

marketing budgets.

Position sizing should follow risk-adjusted expected value:

* If a campaign is out-performing established targets by 30%,

scale it.

* If it is performing at target, maintain it.

* If it misses its performance target (on a reasonable

investment), reduce or eliminate it.

The two mistakes most marketers make in position sizing are: (1)

not factoring risk + volatility profiles into their allocation

decisions and (2) ignoring marginal returns. Let’s take those in

order.

Some marketing platforms/channels/tactics are more volatile than

others - we all intuitively “get” this, but most marketers don’t

connect that innate knowledge to day-to-day practice.

I saw an example of this in action this week: a potential client

was on TikTok for over a year, and (finally) saw a substantial

surge in sales from Shops about a month ago. Their response was

to quadruple an already-high TikTok budget in response to the

uptick in sales. At first glance, that might seem logical – after

all, there was a surge in sales. The platform was “working”. But

what that massive increase ignored was the history and long-term

risk profile of the channel: this brand had been on TikTok for

over a year, during which time they invested $50,000+, most of

which produced a moderate (but not remarkable) return. There was

ample data that suggested TikTok was a feast-or-famine platform

that, over a longer sample size, lagged their core platform (Meta

+ Google) performance by 10%-25%.

The brand’s rationale when I asked about it was: “The ROAS on

TikTok during the surge was 8x - which is nearly double what we

average on Meta and Google…why not spend more on TikTok?”

My response was: “Yes, but if you expand the timeframe to 90

days, TikTok’s ROAS is 4.5x, which is what you’ve consistently

attained on both Meta + Google, without the volatility and

variability. When TikTok is “hot”, it’s white-hot. When it’s

cold, it’s the Arctic. The problem is you have no idea when it’s

going to be hot or cold, which absolutely kills your business –

you need to know when to order inventory, how to staff, etc. If

you’re going to fund a platform this volatile, the risk-adjusted

return needs to be substantially better than the risk-adjusted

return from other, more stable channels.”

The easiest way to do this: calculate both an expected return

(i.e. TikTok produces a 4.5x average return) and a volatility

index.

The quick-and-dirty approach is a range-based approach to

volatility: take the highest observed ROAS, the lowest-observed

ROAS and the median, then do some quick math: (high-low)/average

= volatility index

For this potential client, TikTok’s ROAS ranged (on a monthly

basis) from 0.85x to 8.15x. Applying the formula from above

yields:

(8.15−0.85)/4.5 =1.62

Then, divide the average ROAS by the volatility index to get a

risk-adjusted expected return:

4.50/1.62 = 2.778.

So while TikTok’s AVERAGE return looked good, the bipolar

distribution of returns makes it significantly less attractive as

a core channel than say Meta, which had a volatility index of

~0.75.

If you want to get more scientific, and you have multiple

observed ROAS datapoints (not just the high and low), you’d

calculate:

Where:

Ri = observed ROAS values,

Rˉ = mean return,

N = number of periods.

That gives you a true standard deviation of returns, which you

can then express as a coefficient of variation (CV):

Which makes it comparable across channels/platforms, since it’s

normalized to the mean.

The one challenge with this method is that channels/tactics with

exceptionally low volatility end up looking staggeringly good.

The solution is to use the risk-adjusted expected return

equation:

Where:

* E[R]] = expected return (mean ROAS or contribution margin

multiple)

* σ = volatility index (std. dev. of returns, or range á mean if

using simpler math)

* σ(min) = volatility floor (e.g. 0.5) to prevent absurd

blow-ups when σ is tiny

* Scale Factor = 0–1 multiplier reflecting realistic budget

headroom (e.g. if channel can only scale to 20% of your total

spend, Scale Factor = 0.2)

This works because higher expected return boosts the score, while

volatility penalizes instability. Flooring σ ensures stable

channels like branded search don’t look artificially perfect.

Scale keeps you honest, so even a high-return, low-volatility

channel with limited growth potential can’t dominate the

portfolio.

The second, and related, issue is marginal returns. We see this

all the time in Google Ads - Google pops up a big, red

notification next to campaigns that are performing at or above

your performance target with “LIMITED BY BUDGET” in all caps –

then (helpfully) shows you a new “recommended” budget, along with

expected changes to both CPA and ROAS.

Take this example, from a current client account:

Currently the client is spending $1,000 per day and driving

conversions at 10% below target ($50 tCPA, $45 actual L30 CPA).

Google’s recommended budget is $1,500 per day, which they say

will raise the overall campaign CPA to $51.36. That looks

reasonable - and $1.36 over target doesn’t seem like much – until

you calculate the INCREMENTAL return:

* Current: $1,000/day at $45 CPA ⇒ ~22.22 conversions/day.

* After increase: $1,500/day at $51.36 blended CPA ⇒ ~29.21

conversions/day

* Incremental conversions: 29.21 − 22.22 = 6.98

* Incremental CPA: $500 / 6.98 = $71.60

So while the blended CPA only rises to $51.36, the incremental

CPA on that $500 is $71.60, which is 43% over target and ~60%

worse than the current $45 CPA. At target efficiency, the extra

$500 should buy 10 conversions; it’s only delivering ~6.98.

That’s terrible.

Obviously, if you’re scaling, you have to accept that some

incremental CPAs will exceed your target; the science will tell

you where the diminishing returns curve starts to bend and the

art is reallocating before the curve flattens your performance.

And, above all else: position sizing must be fluid. A core

campaign might deserve 60% of your portfolio today, but if

marginal CAC creeps out of a safe zone, it should be trimmed. A

satellite might be tiny today, but if it produces three months of

outsized results, it deserves more capital.

Your job as a marketer is not to keep allocations stable or

true-to-spreadsheet; it is to keep allocations aligned with

risk-adjusted expected value.

Rebalancing & Discipline

------------------------

Let’s all be honest for a minute: even great portfolios drift.

Winners balloon. Losers linger. We’ve seen it happen to Warren

Buffett multiple times (though, to his credit, he does fix it) –

and if it can happen to the Oracle of Omaha, it can (and will)

happen to you.

Investors rebalance quarterly or annually, trimming positions

back to target weights and redeploying into undervalued assets.

Marketers should rebalance, too….but based on cohort-level

performance:

Here are the questions we ask when we’re determining whether or

not to adjust a client’s budget:

* Is this core campaign still producing at-or-below target, while

maintaining scale?

* Has this satellite platform demonstrated exceptional

performance over a sufficient period of time to consider moving

it to “core” status? If not, what else do we need to see?

* Has this campaign hit diminishing returns? If not, where do we

expect to see it?

* Is capital still flowing toward the highest expected value

opportunities?

Notice what’s missing: there’s no prescribed anything. Instead of

looking for balance or neatness, we’re embracing unpredictability

and asking questions that allow us to identify when we’re

off-track.

Why Portfolio Thinking Wins

---------------------------

The difference between accountants and investors is simple:

accountants spread dollars evenly to make the spreadsheet look

clean. Investors concentrate capital into the

channels/tactics/opportunities most likely to produce compounding

growth..

One guarantees tidy reports. The other builds wealth.

Portfolio construction is where your rules meet reality. Without

it, you’re left with averages. With it, you get outsized

performance. Over time, the advertisers/brands who allocate using

this approach will generate more growth + higher returns from the

same marketing. And the beauty of compounding is that growth

compounds: small advantages month-over-month,

quarter-over-quarter are what produce the outsized winners over

years and decades.

That’s the secret. That’s why marketers who learn to think like

investors eventually leave everyone else in the dust. Compounding

is often too small to notice until its impacts are too big to

overcome.

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Part IV: Management Rules for Advertising Portfolios

----------------------------------------------------

Portfolio construction gives you the framework, but portfolios

don’t manage themselves. Left unchecked, even a perfect

allocation will drift over time. People change. Platforms evolve.

New channels emerge. The economy + macro environment shifts. Any

of those things, on their own, are enough to warrant changes in

your advertising portfolio allocation; all of them, all the time,

demand it.

Investors solve this through management rules: hard,

non-negotiable principles that dictate how portfolios are

maintained, trimmed, and grown over time. These rules are what

keep compounding on track when volatility, headlines and our own

biases threaten to knock your portfolio off course.

Advertising demands the same discipline…and this section is all

about how I manage allocations every day.

Rule #1: Don’t Sell Winners to Fund Losers

------------------------------------------

This is the cardinal sin. It’s the single-worst-thing you can do.

If you take nothing from this issue, please remember this.

And unfortunately, this is exactly what I see every day.

The story usually goes like this: a campaign/channel is

delivering excellent performance, with acquisition costs

consistently below target. It’s the portfolio’s engine. But

because performance elsewhere is weak, the client wants to take

budget from the engine in order to “give the other channels a

chance.”

It is pure insanity.

Winners deserve more capital. Losers deserve less (or none). When

you rob your winners to prop up losers, you guarantee stagnation.

At best, you move sideways. At worst, you sink.

Never sell consistent winners to subsidize hopium.

Rule #2: Never Average Down Without a Thesis

--------------------------------------------

Investors know the trap of “averaging down” - code for throwing

more capital at a loser because it looks cheap. Sometimes it

works. Most of the time, it doesn’t.

Marketers do the same. Campaign at $140 CAC (target $100)? “Let’s

add more budget, maybe we just need more data.” Campaign that

hasn’t produced a conversion in 30 days? “Let’s give it another

shot with more spend.”

This is how portfolios bleed.

Averaging down only makes sense if you have a clear thesis about

why performance will improve. Maybe conversion lag explains the

gap. Maybe seasonality suppressed demand. Maybe you just launched

a revamped post-click experience based on your heatmap data

(aside - that’s something more brands should do) or introduced a

new creative or a new influencer partnership that is a

picture-perfect fit for the platform. Those are all valid reasons

to “average down” in moderation

But absent a thesis grounded in real, objective, quantifiable

data, allocating more capital to a loser is a well-funded prayer.

Rule #3: Cut Quickly, Add Slowly

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A common trait among the best investors I know is this: they

eliminate “loser” positions quickly and scale good positions

methodically.

Marketers often invert that.

They’ll keep losers around for months and justify it using the

sunk cost fallacy (“...we already spent $20k, maybe another $10k

will turn it around…”) or they’ll scale into winners seemingly

overnight, with the rationale that either the platform has

“turned around” (like the TikTok example above) or because of

FOMO (slash what they read on X/LinkedIn/heard at a conference).

Both are mistakes.

Bad campaigns should be cut ruthlessly. The dollars saved are not

wasted; they’re freed up to fund higher-return opportunities. And

winners should be scaled intentionally and methodically -

increase budgets gradually while monitoring marginal performance,

so you ensure the incremental returns are there before you keep

adding. It sounds boring (and it is!), but leverage cuts both

ways – when you go from spending $1,000/day on Meta to $10,000 a

day, even a small deviation in performance can be significant.

Cutting quickly and adding slowly prevents both forms of capital

destruction: wasting money on dead weight and suffocating winners

by scaling them past the point of diminishing returns.

Rule #4: Manage to Fundamentals, Not Headlines

----------------------------------------------

Anyone who watches the stock market regularly will tell you that

markets move on headlines – but any successful investor will tell

you that people who chase headlines rarely come out ahead in the

long run.

Advertising is no different.

It seems like every day, there’s a new shiny object in ad world –

whether it’s a new platform (looking at you, AppLovin), a new ad

format, a new bidding strategy, a new optimization option, a new

creative trend…there’s always something that you “should” be

doing/trying. Pair that with the rumors of demise (“Google search

is dead!” “Everyone has left IG for TikTok!” “Gen Z doesn’t use

email!”) and you have a recipe for absolutely terrible capital

allocation.

Every one of those “headlines” is a siren song, pulling you

toward disaster.

Great management ignores the noise and focuses on fundamentals.

What’s the expected value of the channel/campaign/tactic? How

does marginal CAC scale? What is this channel’s actual

contribution margin?

I get the temptation to want to be “ahead of the curve” (and

surplus value does decline with adoption). It’s cool and fun to

feel that you’re ahead of the curve. But most times, for most

brands, the smart play is to stick to the fundamentals and let

someone else chase the shiny objects.

Rule #5: Stay Emotionally Neutral

---------------------------------

I covered this in Part II, but it’s worth reinforcing here:

management requires emotional detachment.

Campaigns have good days and bad days. CPAs swing. ROAS will be

stellar one day and dreadful the next. If you let yourself,

you’ll wonder how the same campaign that delivered massive wins

yesterday can fail so spectacularly today.

The secret I’ve found is that campaigns are noisy in the

short-run and signal-rich in the long-run; if you chase/react to

every spike and dip, you’ll drive yourself crazy (and broke)

before you figure out the rhyme or reason behind those swings.

That makes the discipline staying neutral. Don’t reduce the

budget on a winning platform because it had a bad Tuesday. Don’t

increase budgets on an otherwise-loser campaign because it posted

an outsized number of sales on Friday. Look at the bigger-picture

trends and manage to the signal - not the noise.

That’s easy to write. It’s far more difficult to do when a client

is calling and screaming about how Meta is broken or Google sucks

now and demanding changes (real things that happen to me on a

regular basis!).

When that happens, and when the temptation to change seems

overwhelming, I go back to Warren Buffett. Berkshire’s stock

dropped more than 50% on three separate times. At no point did he

sell or change his approach, because the underlying fundamentals

had not changed. The price swing had nothing to do with the

underlying assets, and everything to do with noisy headlines.

Zoom out. Ask yourself if the change is a symptom of a

fundamental shift OR a symptom of short-term noise. You’ll often

find that it’s just noise. And noise can (and should) be tuned

out.

Rule #6: Respect Diminishing Returns

------------------------------------

Every campaign, every platform, every tactic follows a

diminishing returns curve. For every single one, there’s a point

where doing more or spending more will not yield a marginal

increase in results. The size, scale and shape of that curve will

vary by brand, audience, platform, tactic, channel – but the

curve always exists.

For example, the first $10k you deploy into YouTube might yield

new customers at a cost that’s 30% below target. The next $50k

might creep toward your target. And the $100k after that will

blow through it.

For Meta, the first $200k might be below target, and the $500k

after that at target. It’s entirely possible that you might not

see declining marginal performance until you’re spending well

over $1MM per month. But just because diminishing returns don’t

hit until your spend is 20x higher does not mean diminishing

returns don’t exist on Meta.

Great advertisers understand + respect the existence of this

curve. They know that scaling isn’t about throwing more dollars

until everything breaks; it’s about increasing budgets

responsibly, then monitoring marginal returns.

Bad / inexperienced advertisers ignore the curve and blame

“creative fatigue” or “bad audiences” when performance falls

apart.

The very best advertisers I know - the ones who are remarkably

good at what they do - have mastered the art of pushing campaigns

to the precipice of diminishing returns, but resisting the urge

to push them over the edge.

Rule #7: Think in Systems, Not Silos

------------------------------------

One of the more curious - and more nefarious - tendencies I’ve

noticed is marketers who manage channels/campaigns/platforms in

silos, not as part of an integrated system.

Meta performance is attributed to Meta.

Google performance is attributed to Google

Programmatic is attributed to Programmatic.

But, in reality, everything is interconnected. These platforms

don’t exist in isolation, and they certainly don’t perform in

isolation. Paid search drives retargeting. Meta drives branded

search. YouTube drives lift across the board. Linear TV +

out-of-home drive improved performance on Meta and Google (yup,

that lift is real). Direct mail results in massive increases in

branded search.

It’s all connected.

It’s easy + tempting to evaluate each channel in isolation, but

the real magic is in the synergy between different

channels/tactics.

------------------------------------------------------

Part V: Contrarian Plays That Produce Outsized Returns

------------------------------------------------------

Most marketers never break out of the spreadsheet mindset. They

optimize inside the rails, never questioning the rules of the

game itself. But if you study the best investors, you’ll notice

something: outsized returns often come from contrarian behavior.

Doing what the herd can’t, won’t, or refuses to do.

Advertising has its own set of contrarian plays. These are

strategies that feel wrong at the moment (and often produce

visceral reactions), but can produce outsized returns.

Play #1: Scale Into Weakness

----------------------------

Most brands scale when CPMs are expensive and cut when they’re

cheap. That’s backwards.

Think April 2020. While most of the world paused campaigns, a

handful of brands doubled down. CPMs cratered 20–40%, which means

CPA dropped. The brands that leaned in and took advantage

acquired customers at rock-bottom prices.

At the time, it seemed reckless – but nothing could be further

from the truth. If anything, scaling when everyone else was

pulling out of auctions was rational.The two possible outcomes

were: either the world stabilized and you’d acquired customers at

the cheapest rates in a decade, or it didn’t, in which case, the

extra $100k you spent on Meta was the least of your concerns.

The same logic applies to seasonal soft spots (late summer

doldrums, Q5) and competitive cycles (i.e., when competitors run

out of budget at the end of the month).

Weakness is opportunity.

The next time you see CPMs drop or Auction insights go blank,

that’s your signal to push more chips onto the proverbial table.

Play #2: Double Down on “Boring”

--------------------------------

Marketing is in a never-ending love affair with trendy + sexy.

We all chase it in some way or another - AppLovin, TikTok Shops,

influencer partnerships, shiny betas from Google or Meta - you

name it. We all see the posts on X (or a few weeks later, on LI)

from marketers who claim to have unlocked untold growth from the

new hotness.

But all the hype often masks a different fundamental reality:

most growth happens in the “boring” stuff. Google non-branded

search, evergreen Meta campaigns, email. None of them are sexy.

Talking about them will not get you the conference keynote or an

interview on whoever’s podcast is currently in vogue (since it’s

not Collin & mine, at least not yet). But they will deliver

steady, repeatable returns with high scalability.

Those boring, core channels are the advertising equivalent of

dividends. They don’t make you look like a genius, but they

produce positive returns, over and over again. There’s value in

that, especially when your competition can’t help but chase.

Play #3: Exploit Volatility With Flexible Budgets

-------------------------------------------------

Rigid monthly budgets create wonderful opportunities for the

marketers willing to exploit them. I’ve worked with more than a

few brands who had competitors that routinely ran out of budget

by the ~25th of the month. It didn’t matter if the other brand

was having a great (or terrible) month, they’d pause (most)

everything the minute they reached the set monthly allocation.

It took a month or two to figure out the pattern, but once we

did, it became a wonderful recipe for efficient acquisition:

lower targets + spend moderately until the competition exited the

auction, then lever in for the last 5-10 days when CPCs declined

20%-30% (amazing what happens when a couple major advertisers bid

up KWs)

This requires courage because it looks “messy” on reports (and

often leads to “we’re pacing under!” …but it’s precisely what

separates smart marketers from the mediocre ones. All markets

(including ad markets) are dynamic. Budgets should be too.

Play #4: Starve Vanity Channels

-------------------------------

Something I’ve noticed - a lot of brands fund channels for

optics, not returns. The CEO wants to see billboards. A major

investor asks about TikTok, so it miraculously finds itself added

to the media plan. The CMO is angling for a speaking gig or an

advisory position, so s/he over-funds emerging channels in order

to increase the “sexiness” of the pitch (another low-key theme of

this newsletter: betting against sexiness is usually a winning

strategy).

The smart marketer’s job is to cull the sacred cows. If a channel

doesn’t produce returns that justify continued investment, it

gets cut, no matter how prestigious, political or pretty it

looks.

This feels contrarian because you’ll face pressure internally to

“stay visible” or “be everywhere” or “get ahead of the trend” –

but unless doing that produces a tangible return, you’re (almost

always) better off investing in the tried-and-true,

boring-as-all-getout channels.

Play #5: Bet Small on Optionality

---------------------------------

Investors buy options because they offer asymmetric payoff:

capped downside, unlimited upside. Satellites in your ad

portfolio work the same way.

We (typically) start with a 70/20/10 allocation for clients – 70%

goes to the core, 20% to tests and the remaining 10% to moonshot

(read: speculative channels, new formats, etc.). Going in, we

accept that most of the speculative investments will fail, but

the few that hit will deliver 10x returns.

Optionality is a contrarian discipline. Most brands either avoid

bets entirely (too conservative) or swing wildly (too reckless).

The middle path - small, continuous, disciplined bets - is what

produces breakout wins without jeopardizing your entire portfolio

(or getting your agency or CMO fired).

It’s important to note that these don’t guarantee success –

sometimes, you’ll just incinerate 10% of the budget. That’s the

risk you take when you invest in unproven channels/tactics. That

being said, this strategy creates the conditions for outsized

returns - not just because the strategy works, but because (in

most cases), your competition refuses to play the game.

---------------------

Part VI: The Flywheel

---------------------

Everything up to now has been about discipline - building,

managing and protecting a portfolio that maximizes expected

return relative to risk (so sexy!)

That’s 80% of the battle. The remaining 20% is leaning into the

compounding flywheel. Put simply, compounding is the reason

investors become wealthy. And it’s the reason a small set of

marketers leave the rest of the industry in the dust.

Here’s how it works:

* Efficient capital allocation → More customers at or below

target CAC

* More customers → Larger base for LTV expansion (retention,

upsells, referrals)

* Expanded LTV → Higher tolerance for CAC, which lets you

profitably scale, even when platform economics or macro

conditions seem non-viable

* Higher scale → More data, which improves creative, targeting

and post-click experiences

* Better performance → More efficient capital allocation next

cycle

Each cycle scales with decreasing friction. This is the secret

behind the brands that seem to find a way to grow, no matter what

the market or economy or tech landscape is doing. Everything in

this framework is geared toward unlocking and accelerating that

flywheel.

Why Most Brands Never Get There

-------------------------------

Most organizations (unknowingly) structurally sabotage growth:

* CFOs demand neat, predictable monthly spend - the only thing

this (usually) achieves is capping upside via arbitrary limits

and restricting spend at the very moments when those brands

should be spending more (i.e. at the end of the month or in

otherwise slow periods).

* Management craves short-term wins - which forces day-trading

behavior that kills long-term returns.

* CMOs fear volatility - this prevents brands from leaning into

weakness or concentrating capital.

* Agencies protect revenue streams - which incentivizes

allocation to the channels they manage and inflated reports, vs.

obsessive focus on growth + efficiency.

Put it all together and you have a recipe for stagnation:

accounts that look fine in a spreadsheet, all while failing to

realize their true potential.

The gap between marketers who understand how to build + scale

this flywheel and those who don’t isn’t small. It’s not 10% or

20%. It’s 10x or 100x or 1,000x. Just as there are 10x engineers,

there are 10x marketers.

Put another way: an investor who compounds at 15% instead of 10%

ends up with 4x the wealth over 30 years, a marketer who

compounds efficiently ends up with multiples of the customer

base, revenue, and market share compared to one who just

“optimizes” campaigns.

The best part? You don’t need to be a genius to do it. You just

need discipline, rules that protect you from bias, structures

that allocate intelligently and the courage to be contrarian when

the market panics.

That’s the entire ballgame. Master those things, and you’ll find

yourself leagues ahead of your competition.

That’s all for this week! I hope you all enjoy the last week of

“official” summer

Cheers,

Sam

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